Complex fluids, such as polymer melts and concentrated suspensions, are foundational materials for industrial products, including high-strength plastics and optical components. The final performance ...

This is because the plastic is constantly expanding or stretching in those processes. Two polymers may have identical shear flow behavior, but they could exhibit different extensional flow behavior ...

Extensional structures provide some of the world's largest known oil reservoirs and remain one of the major frontier plays of the immediate future, both onshore and, particularly, in deep water ...